Vascular Considerations in Glaucoma: Current Perspective

1 Background
2 Clinical measurement of ocular blood flow
2.1 Color Doppler imaging
2.2 Laser Doppler flowmetry and scanning laser flowmetry
2.3 Retinal vessel analyzer
2.4 Blue field entoptic stimulation
2.5 Laser interferometric measurement of fundus pulsation
2.6 Dynamic contour tonometry and ocular pulse amplitude
2.7 Pulsatile ocular blood flow analyzer
2.8 Laser speckle method (laser speckle flowgraphy)
2.9 Digital scanning laser ophthalmoscope angiography
2.10 Doppler optical coherence tomography
2.11 Retinal oximetry
3 Autoregulation
3.1 Mechanisms of autoregulation
3.2 Impaired autoregulation in glaucoma
3.3 Mechanisms of impairment and damage
4 Vascular risk factors
4.1 Blood pressure and perfusion pressure
4.2 Age
4.3 Migraine
4.4 Disc hemorrhage
4.5 Diabetes
4.6 Emerging risk factors
5 Diurnal variations of intraocular pressure, blood pressure and perfusion pressure
5.1 Diurnal variations of intraocular pressure
5.2 Blood pressure, perfusion pressure and glaucoma
5.3 Diurnal ocular perfusion pressure and glaucoma
6 The relationship between blood flow and structure
6.1 Capillary dropout
6.2 Blood pressure and optic disc morphology
6.3 Blood flow and optic disc morphology
6.4 Blood flow and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness
6.5 Circadian flow fluctuations and retinal nerve fiber layer
6.6 Central corneal thickness
7 Ocular blood flow and visual function
8 Cerebrospinal fluid pressure and glaucoma
9 Topical medications and ocular blood flow
9.1 Background
9.2 Topical CAIs
9.3 Topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitors and visual function